1920s

1920 – recession in Japan

1920 Aliens Order requires all aliens in Britain to register with police if seeking work or residence.

1920 – Japanese population in Britain reaches pre WWII peak of 1,638

1920 October – Kitchie Yaso dies at the age of 65 of a cerebral haemorrhage at 269 Green Lane, Walsall. Occupation – journeyman house painter.

1921 – Britain indicates it will not renew Anglo-Japanese Alliance, primarily because of opposition of United States and Canada

1921 May – Crown Prince Hirohito visits Britain

1921 May – Japanese Village at Crystal Palace “One of the special attractions is a Japanese native village inhabited by real natives, who “‘carry on ” in their natural work and play; there is a village theatre, with Japanese orchestral entertainment and Geisha girls in native costume, who will give Oriental dances, and a picturesque Eastern Bazaar, where one can see the natives’ quaint Oriental customs.”

1921 June census:

Tamekichi Satake’s boarding house in St Marylebone with family, 3 servants, 2 cooks.

Toyokichi Kashikura b 1901 living with Lillie Jackson Blanchard, b 1900, Kamyiro Yashida (Kamejiro Yoshida) b 1896, Hira Lichi Fayer (Hirokichi Fujii) b 1900, all in employ of Mr Deguchi. 12 Albert Park, Bristol

Jujiro Deguchi (34) and Margaret (38) at 128 Caunce Street, Blackpool with Margaret Blanchard (21) and Lily Blanchard (20), Yoshida Kame (25) , Hiro Fujii (21), Toyo Kashikura (20), Lily Pike (14) – all acrobats and Zentaro Kobayashi, biscuit maker, 21 at Kamiya and son.

Charles Houghwaite, born Middleton, Lancashire in 1904, boarding with Catherine Hirukawa Esa and Isaberia Hirukawa Esa – the Esa Trio, in Daneville Road, Camberwell.

Miyoshi Takahashi, Haruyoshi Takahashi, Osuka Zenshiro George Akimoto, in Hackney, the Fujis, performing at the Hippodrome

Naojiro Takeda (35, music hall artist equipment) at South Chorlton with wife Rene (music hall artist dance) and daughters Yuri and Lavinia

Seishu Watanabe 53, out of work music hall artist, own account, Tora, wife, music hall artist, Masao, son, 10, Yoshiko, daughter, 8, Susan F, stepdaughter, 23 in Hulme, Manchester.

Kosabro Yamamoto, 54, widowed, equilibrist, music hall artist, employer and Koyoshi Yamamoto, born 1889 in Osaka, 32, daughter, equilibrist, music hall artist. 33 Milton Street Chorlton upon Medlock.

Kazo Takeno/Ando (33), music hall artist with Seijiro Emori (25), Takijiro Kurosawa, Uichiro Ikazu, Masayoshi Ono in Newcastle upon Tyne. – possibly the Yamagata Troupe.

Naojero (Music Hall Artist equipment), Rene (music hall artist dance), Yure and Lavinia living in Chorlton

Chiyokichi Tamamoto aged 65, living in Penge

Hajime (aged 60) and Toku (49) Yamaguchi and Tomio (24) Yamaguchi – Music hall artists at Japanese village, Crystal Palace, employed by Joseph Priner.

Kunneji (Kumeji b 1890) Deguchi male 33, Kotaro Deguchi male 42, Koto Kikuta female 27, Sukitaro Kikuta male 44, Shigetaro Kikuta male 34, Hamako Kikuta female 9, Masuko Kikuta female 15, Mitsuko Iwawami female 14, Echi Shimizu male 16, Toyo Kashmakura male 19, baby Deguchi female b 1920. In Sheffield boarding house. Music Hall artists. Probably the Kikutas.

1921 September – Sempill mission arrive in Japan to help Japanese navy with aeronaval forces

1921 Education Act raises school leaving age to 14 in Britain

1922 Matsui Gensui, top spinner, appears in London with the Okayama troupe.

1922 March – “Far too much has been heard lately of the influence of Chinamen, Japanese, and negroes in London night-life” – Pall Mall Gazette

1922 April – Edward, Prince of Wales arrives in Yokohama

1922 Washington Conference concludes naval treaty between Japan, Britain, USA, France, Italy

1922 October – Matsui Gensui dies in London, aged 55 of TB, living in Pimlico

1922 November – American Supreme Court rules that Japanese are not Caucasian race, so not entitled to obtain citizenship by naturalization.

1923 Anglo-Japanese alliance officially discontinued

1923 April – Royal Kondo and Hanako – Paisley

1923 September – Great Kantō Earthquake

1923 British Government documents state that the loss of nationality was ‘the only argument which the Foreign Office found to prevail with British women in deterring them from entering into such relationships, particularly with ‘Orientals’ and any change of the laws would ‘encourage mixed marriages of this particular kind, which are in the women’s case nearly always most undesirable.

1924 Japanese Exclusion Act in USA cutting off Japanese immigration to USA

1924 April – Otsu trio perform in Shoreditch, London

1925 Gold Standard introduced in Britain

1925 Emigration promotion act in Japan

1925 Universal male suffrage law in Japan

1925 April – Seishu Watanabe, aged 56, interpreter, “deportee” to Kobe on Haruna Maru.

1925 May – Harry Inagaki/Namba sentenced to 4 months’ imprisonment and deportation having his possession diamond, well knowing it to have been stolen outside the United Kingdom. The diamond belonged to a ring valued £250 lost by Miss Bessie Clifford, vaudeville actress. It went missing when they were both in Sydney and was later found in a London shop. Travels back to New York in September after serving his sentence.

1925 July 29th – Kondo Torakichi dies in Manchester (Tora Kondo) aged 69

1925 September 29th – Chiyokichi dies at the age of 68

1926 Mitsui Bank opens branch in London

1926 Great Strike in Britain

1926 April – the Kiraku Brothers in some clever acrobatics – Holborn Empire

1926 June – Japanese film “The Street Juggler” shown in London

The Sphere 26th June 1926

1926 October – Jujiro Deguchi marries his step daughter Lily Deguchi

1926 December – Shōwa Era begins (Emperor Hirohito)

1927 Shōwa Financial Crisis brings down government

1927 July – Naojiro imprisoned for 60 days for theft of £200 in Glasgow. Recommended for deportation.

1927 August – Taro Naito starts performing solo in Britain

1929 Wall Street Crash